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APP STORE CLAIMS: ANOTHER IMPORTANT LINK TO THE CJEU’S CHAIN IN PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT CASES
Continue reading: APP STORE CLAIMS: ANOTHER IMPORTANT LINK TO THE CJEU’S CHAIN IN PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT CASESAs private antitrust litigation against tech companies becomes increasingly common, courts are increasingly called upon to determine international and territorial jurisdiction for antitrust infringements that are committed in the EU without any physical location. The EU jurisdictional rule in Article 7(2) of the Brussels I-bis Regulation (Brussels I-bis) for tort cases uses the place where…
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The Amazon DSA Designation Appeal: the General Court Rejects Amazon’s Broad Fundamental-Rights Challenge
Continue reading: The Amazon DSA Designation Appeal: the General Court Rejects Amazon’s Broad Fundamental-Rights ChallengeThe last few months have seen a series of Digital Services Act (DSA) judgments by the General Court (GC) of the European Union, the first three of which were examined in an earlier blog post. The latest in this series of judgments, handed down on 19 November 2025, is Amazon EU v Commission (Case T-367/23),…
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The Bits of Freedom ruling: the first step in private DSA enforcement
Continue reading: The Bits of Freedom ruling: the first step in private DSA enforcementWith the Digital Services Act (DSA) entering into force on 17 February 2024, it was only a matter of time before private parties began to exercise their rights in civil courts. On 2 October 2025, the Amsterdam District Court delivered the first judgment in a private claim brought under the DSA.[1] In this case BoF,…
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The Dawn of DSA Enforcement: Lessons from the Digital Services Coordinators’ First Annual Reports
Continue reading: The Dawn of DSA Enforcement: Lessons from the Digital Services Coordinators’ First Annual ReportsIntroduction The Digital Services Act: A Paradigm Shift in Platform Regulation The European Union’s Regulation (EU) 2022/2065, the Digital Services Act (DSA), represents a landmark shift in the governance of the digital sphere. Fully applicable since 17 February 2024, the DSA establishes a harmonised legal framework intended to create a safer, more predictable, and trusted…
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The Zalando, Meta and TikTok rulings: key takeaways from the first three DSA judgments of the General court
Continue reading: The Zalando, Meta and TikTok rulings: key takeaways from the first three DSA judgments of the General courtBy Marc Barennes,[1] Jérémie Jourdan[2] and Maria Gravvani[3] Introduction The Digital Services Act (“DSA”)[4] regulates online intermediaries and platforms such as marketplaces, social networks, content-sharing platforms, app stores, and online travel and accommodation platforms which are offered to users (aka ‘recipients of the service’[5]) located in the European Union.[6] Its main goal is to prevent illegal and harmful activities…
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Reform of Regulation 1/2003 and access to the file: is the DMA/DSA approach helpful?
Continue reading: Reform of Regulation 1/2003 and access to the file: is the DMA/DSA approach helpful?The answer to the question posed in the title is simple: “No”. This note explains the reasons why. Access to the file after the adoption of a Statement of Objections (SO) in EU competition law enforcement procedures is a time consuming and painful process for all involved. It is, however, an essential way to ensure…
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The DOJ’s remedy proposal in Google Ad Tech – Correcting a broken market
Continue reading: The DOJ’s remedy proposal in Google Ad Tech – Correcting a broken marketOn 17 April 2025, Judge Leonie Brinkema of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia ruled that Google monopolised two digital advertising technology markets and unlawfully tied its publisher ad server (“DFP”) and its ad exchange (“AdX”). This marked a huge success for the U.S. federal government and 17 states who had…
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DMA Enforcement and National Competition Authorities
Continue reading: DMA Enforcement and National Competition AuthoritiesThe Digital Markets Act (DMA) establishes a centralised enforcement model whereby the European Commission “is the sole authority empowered to enforce [the DMA]” (see recital 91). National authorities are the Commission’s enforcement partners. This is explicitly stated in Article 37 of the DMA, which states that the Commission and the Member States shall “work in…
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Cooperation between the French Competition and Data Protection Authorities: Will They Live Happily Ever After?
Continue reading: Cooperation between the French Competition and Data Protection Authorities: Will They Live Happily Ever After?In a digital landscape increasingly shaped by complex European regulations – GDPR, DMA, DSA, AI Act, to name just a few – cooperation between Regulators is not only relevant but essential. Our distinguished colleague Dr Konstantina Bania has already explored this topic in a previous Post, to which we refer the reader. This Post focuses on the French perspective,…
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Recent developments in news markets and what they mean for competition law and regulation
Continue reading: Recent developments in news markets and what they mean for competition law and regulationOver the past few weeks, two important developments have taken place that affect news (and, more broadly, content) markets. Both these developments concern Google. First, Google published the result of an experiment it had conducted to assess whether news content is valuable to its properties. Second, Google announced that it would start providing its AI…
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APP STORE CLAIMS: ANOTHER IMPORTANT LINK TO THE CJEU’S CHAIN IN PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT CASES
Continue reading: APP STORE CLAIMS: ANOTHER IMPORTANT LINK TO THE CJEU’S CHAIN IN PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT CASESAs private antitrust litigation against tech companies becomes increasingly common, courts are increasingly called upon to determine international and territorial jurisdiction for antitrust infringements that are committed in the EU without any physical location. The EU jurisdictional rule in Article 7(2) of the Brussels I-bis Regulation (Brussels I-bis) for tort cases uses the place where…
-
The Amazon DSA Designation Appeal: the General Court Rejects Amazon’s Broad Fundamental-Rights Challenge
Continue reading: The Amazon DSA Designation Appeal: the General Court Rejects Amazon’s Broad Fundamental-Rights ChallengeThe last few months have seen a series of Digital Services Act (DSA) judgments by the General Court (GC) of the European Union, the first three of which were examined in an earlier blog post. The latest in this series of judgments, handed down on 19 November 2025, is Amazon EU v Commission (Case T-367/23),…
-
The Bits of Freedom ruling: the first step in private DSA enforcement
Continue reading: The Bits of Freedom ruling: the first step in private DSA enforcementWith the Digital Services Act (DSA) entering into force on 17 February 2024, it was only a matter of time before private parties began to exercise their rights in civil courts. On 2 October 2025, the Amsterdam District Court delivered the first judgment in a private claim brought under the DSA.[1] In this case BoF,…
-
The Dawn of DSA Enforcement: Lessons from the Digital Services Coordinators’ First Annual Reports
Continue reading: The Dawn of DSA Enforcement: Lessons from the Digital Services Coordinators’ First Annual ReportsIntroduction The Digital Services Act: A Paradigm Shift in Platform Regulation The European Union’s Regulation (EU) 2022/2065, the Digital Services Act (DSA), represents a landmark shift in the governance of the digital sphere. Fully applicable since 17 February 2024, the DSA establishes a harmonised legal framework intended to create a safer, more predictable, and trusted…
-
The Zalando, Meta and TikTok rulings: key takeaways from the first three DSA judgments of the General court
Continue reading: The Zalando, Meta and TikTok rulings: key takeaways from the first three DSA judgments of the General courtBy Marc Barennes,[1] Jérémie Jourdan[2] and Maria Gravvani[3] Introduction The Digital Services Act (“DSA”)[4] regulates online intermediaries and platforms such as marketplaces, social networks, content-sharing platforms, app stores, and online travel and accommodation platforms which are offered to users (aka ‘recipients of the service’[5]) located in the European Union.[6] Its main goal is to prevent illegal and harmful activities…
-
Reform of Regulation 1/2003 and access to the file: is the DMA/DSA approach helpful?
Continue reading: Reform of Regulation 1/2003 and access to the file: is the DMA/DSA approach helpful?The answer to the question posed in the title is simple: “No”. This note explains the reasons why. Access to the file after the adoption of a Statement of Objections (SO) in EU competition law enforcement procedures is a time consuming and painful process for all involved. It is, however, an essential way to ensure…
-
The DOJ’s remedy proposal in Google Ad Tech – Correcting a broken market
Continue reading: The DOJ’s remedy proposal in Google Ad Tech – Correcting a broken marketOn 17 April 2025, Judge Leonie Brinkema of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia ruled that Google monopolised two digital advertising technology markets and unlawfully tied its publisher ad server (“DFP”) and its ad exchange (“AdX”). This marked a huge success for the U.S. federal government and 17 states who had…
-
DMA Enforcement and National Competition Authorities
Continue reading: DMA Enforcement and National Competition AuthoritiesThe Digital Markets Act (DMA) establishes a centralised enforcement model whereby the European Commission “is the sole authority empowered to enforce [the DMA]” (see recital 91). National authorities are the Commission’s enforcement partners. This is explicitly stated in Article 37 of the DMA, which states that the Commission and the Member States shall “work in…
-
Cooperation between the French Competition and Data Protection Authorities: Will They Live Happily Ever After?
Continue reading: Cooperation between the French Competition and Data Protection Authorities: Will They Live Happily Ever After?In a digital landscape increasingly shaped by complex European regulations – GDPR, DMA, DSA, AI Act, to name just a few – cooperation between Regulators is not only relevant but essential. Our distinguished colleague Dr Konstantina Bania has already explored this topic in a previous Post, to which we refer the reader. This Post focuses on the French perspective,…
-
Recent developments in news markets and what they mean for competition law and regulation
Continue reading: Recent developments in news markets and what they mean for competition law and regulationOver the past few weeks, two important developments have taken place that affect news (and, more broadly, content) markets. Both these developments concern Google. First, Google published the result of an experiment it had conducted to assess whether news content is valuable to its properties. Second, Google announced that it would start providing its AI…